PHASE DIAGRAMS FOR PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC CONVEYING
Pneumatic conveying is basically analysed by showing a measured phase diagram or state diagram (Zenz diagram), as is shown in Fig. 1, Klinzing et al. (1997). This diagram is specific to a conveyed material and conveying gas, it is also specific to a pipe material and diameter, and finally, it is specific to the pipe orientation (horizontal, vertical or bend). Figure 1 presents such a general